diff --git a/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/customers/bulk-create/__tests__/route.test.ts b/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/customers/bulk-create/__tests__/route.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fc367b9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/customers/bulk-create/__tests__/route.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+/**
+ * Integration tests for POST /api/v1/companies/:companyId/customers/bulk-create.
+ */
+import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+
+beforeAll(() => {
+  if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'test') {
+    throw new Error(
+      `customer bulk-create tests require NODE_ENV=test (got ${process.env.NODE_ENV ?? 'undefined'})`,
+    )
+  }
+  process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SUPABASE_URL ||= 'http://localhost:54321'
+  process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SUPABASE_ANON_KEY ||= 'test-anon-key'
+})
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/auth/api-keys', async () => {
+  const actual = await vi.importActual<typeof import('@/lib/auth/api-keys')>('@/lib/auth/api-keys')
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    validateApiKey: vi.fn(),
+    createServiceClientNoCookies: vi.fn(),
+  }
+})
+vi.mock('@supabase/supabase-js', async () => {
+  const actual = await vi.importActual<typeof import('@supabase/supabase-js')>('@supabase/supabase-js')
+  return { ...actual, createClient: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({}) }
+})
+vi.mock('@/lib/vat/vies-client', () => ({
+  validateVatNumber: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({ valid: false }),
+}))
+
+import { validateApiKey, createServiceClientNoCookies } from '@/lib/auth/api-keys'
+import { POST as bulkCreate } from '../route'
+
+const mockValidate = validateApiKey as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>
+const mockServiceClient = createServiceClientNoCookies as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>
+
+type MockResult = { data?: unknown; error?: unknown }
+function makeFlexibleSupabase(byTable: Record<string, MockResult | MockResult[]>) {
+  const queues = new Map<string, MockResult[]>()
+  for (const [t, val] of Object.entries(byTable)) {
+    queues.set(t, Array.isArray(val) ? [...val] : [val])
+  }
+  const buildChain = (table: string): unknown => {
+    const handler: ProxyHandler<object> = {
+      get(_target, prop) {
+        if (prop === 'then') {
+          return (resolve: (v: unknown) => void) => {
+            const q = queues.get(table)
+            const next = q && q.length > 1 ? q.shift()! : (q?.[0] ?? { data: null, error: null })
+            resolve(next)
+          }
+        }
+        return (..._args: unknown[]) => buildChain(table)
+      },
+    }
+    return new Proxy({}, handler)
+  }
+  return { from: vi.fn((table: string) => buildChain(table)) }
+}
+
+const COMPANY_ID = 'aaaaaaaa-aaaa-4aaa-8aaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa'
+const USER_ID = 'user-1'
+
+function makeRequest(url: string, body: unknown): Request {
+  return new Request(url, {
+    method: 'POST',
+    headers: {
+      Authorization: 'Bearer test-fixture-not-a-real-key',
+      'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+      'Idempotency-Key': 'idem1234-5050-4abc-8def-1234567890ab',
+    },
+    body: JSON.stringify(body),
+  })
+}
+function companyParams(companyId: string) {
+  return { params: Promise.resolve({ companyId }) }
+}
+
+const SAMPLE = (name = 'Acme AB') => ({
+  name,
+  customer_type: 'swedish_business' as const,
+  org_number: '556677-8899',
+})
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.clearAllMocks()
+  mockValidate.mockResolvedValue({
+    userId: USER_ID,
+    companyId: COMPANY_ID,
+    apiKeyId: 'ak_1',
+    scopes: ['customers:write'],
+    mode: 'live',
+  })
+})
+
+describe('POST /api/v1/companies/:companyId/customers/bulk-create', () => {
+  it('creates two customers and returns a 200 with summary', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+        customers: [
+          { data: { id: 'c1', name: 'Acme', customer_type: 'swedish_business' }, error: null },
+          { data: { id: 'c2', name: 'Beta', customer_type: 'swedish_business' }, error: null },
+        ],
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await bulkCreate(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/customers/bulk-create`, {
+        customers: [SAMPLE('Acme AB'), SAMPLE('Beta AB')],
+      }),
+      companyParams(COMPANY_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200)
+    const body = await res.json()
+    expect(body.data.summary).toEqual({ total: 2, succeeded: 2, failed: 0 })
+    expect(body.data.results[0]).toMatchObject({ ok: true, request_index: 0 })
+    expect(body.data.results[1]).toMatchObject({ ok: true, request_index: 1 })
+  })
+
+  it('returns per-item failure for org_number duplicate', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+        customers: { data: null, error: { code: '23505', message: 'duplicate' } },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await bulkCreate(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/customers/bulk-create`, {
+        customers: [SAMPLE('Acme AB')],
+      }),
+      companyParams(COMPANY_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200)
+    const body = await res.json()
+    expect(body.data.summary.failed).toBe(1)
+    expect(body.data.results[0].error.code).toBe('CUSTOMER_DUPLICATE_ORG_NUMBER')
+    // Ensure org_number value is NOT echoed (GDPR Art.5(1)(c)).
+    expect(JSON.stringify(body.data.results[0].error.details)).not.toContain('556677-8899')
+  })
+
+  it('rejects more than 50 customers per request', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+      }),
+    )
+    const customers = Array.from({ length: 51 }, () => SAMPLE())
+
+    const res = await bulkCreate(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/customers/bulk-create`, {
+        customers,
+      }),
+      companyParams(COMPANY_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400)
+    const body = await res.json()
+    expect(body.error.code).toBe('VALIDATION_ERROR')
+  })
+
+  it('rejects all_or_nothing: true with 501 NOT_IMPLEMENTED', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await bulkCreate(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/customers/bulk-create`, {
+        all_or_nothing: true,
+        customers: [SAMPLE()],
+      }),
+      companyParams(COMPANY_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(501)
+    const body = await res.json()
+    expect(body.error.code).toBe('NOT_IMPLEMENTED')
+  })
+
+  it('dry-run returns previews without inserting', async () => {
+    const supabaseMock = makeFlexibleSupabase({
+      company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+    })
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(supabaseMock)
+
+    const res = await bulkCreate(
+      makeRequest(
+        `https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/customers/bulk-create?dry_run=true`,
+        { customers: [SAMPLE()] },
+      ),
+      companyParams(COMPANY_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200)
+    expect(res.headers.get('X-Dry-Run')).toBe('true')
+    const body = await res.json()
+    expect(body.data.dry_run).toBe(true)
+    expect(body.data.preview.summary.succeeded).toBe(1)
+    // No `customers` insert was attempted.
+    const insertedCustomer = supabaseMock.from.mock.calls.some((c) => c[0] === 'customers')
+    expect(insertedCustomer).toBe(false)
+  })
+
+  it('rejects empty customers array', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await bulkCreate(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/customers/bulk-create`, {
+        customers: [],
+      }),
+      companyParams(COMPANY_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400)
+    const body = await res.json()
+    expect(body.error.code).toBe('VALIDATION_ERROR')
+  })
+
+  it('rejects keys without customers:write scope', async () => {
+    mockValidate.mockResolvedValue({
+      userId: USER_ID,
+      companyId: COMPANY_ID,
+      scopes: ['customers:read'],
+      mode: 'live',
+    })
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(makeFlexibleSupabase({}))
+
+    const res = await bulkCreate(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/customers/bulk-create`, {
+        customers: [SAMPLE()],
+      }),
+      companyParams(COMPANY_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(403)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/customers/bulk-create/route.ts b/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/customers/bulk-create/route.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ce8231e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/customers/bulk-create/route.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+/**
+ * POST /api/v1/companies/{companyId}/customers/bulk-create
+ *
+ * Bulk-create up to 50 customers in one call. Each item is validated and
+ * inserted independently — per-item failures don't roll back successes.
+ * Mirrors the shape of /invoices/bulk-create exactly so agents only need
+ * to learn one bulk pattern.
+ *
+ * Response: `{ results: [{ ok, request_index, data?, error? }], summary }`.
+ * Idempotent over the whole batch. Dry-runnable.
+ *
+ * VIES validation for eu_business customers is best-effort PER ITEM. A VIES
+ * timeout does NOT fail the item — it just leaves vat_number_validated=false.
+ */
+
+import { z } from 'zod'
+import type { SupabaseClient } from '@supabase/supabase-js'
+import { ok } from '@/lib/api/v1/response'
+import { dryRunPreview } from '@/lib/api/v1/dry-run'
+import { registerEndpoint } from '@/lib/api/v1/registry'
+import { withApiV1 } from '@/lib/api/v1/with-api-v1'
+import { v1ErrorResponseFromCode } from '@/lib/api/v1/errors'
+import { CreateCustomerSchema } from '@/lib/api/schemas'
+import { validateVatNumber } from '@/lib/vat/vies-client'
+import { eventBus } from '@/lib/events'
+import type { Logger } from '@/lib/logger'
+import type { Customer } from '@/types'
+
+const BulkCreateRequest = z.object({
+  customers: z.array(CreateCustomerSchema).min(1).max(50),
+  all_or_nothing: z.boolean().optional().default(false),
+})
+
+const BulkResultItem = z.object({
+  ok: z.boolean(),
+  request_index: z.number().int().nonnegative(),
+  data: z.unknown().optional(),
+  error: z
+    .object({
+      code: z.string(),
+      message: z.string(),
+      details: z.unknown().optional(),
+    })
+    .optional(),
+})
+
+const BulkCreateResponse = z.object({
+  results: z.array(BulkResultItem),
+  summary: z.object({
+    total: z.number().int(),
+    succeeded: z.number().int(),
+    failed: z.number().int(),
+  }),
+})
+
+// Same projection as the single-create endpoint — keeps response shapes
+// identical so callers can union the two surfaces transparently.
+const CUSTOMER_RESPONSE_COLUMNS =
+  'id, name, customer_type, email, phone, address_line1, address_line2, postal_code, city, country, org_number, vat_number, vat_number_validated, default_payment_terms, notes, archived_at, created_at, updated_at'
+
+registerEndpoint({
+  operation: 'customers.bulk-create',
+  method: 'POST',
+  path: '/api/v1/companies/:companyId/customers/bulk-create',
+  summary: 'Create up to 50 customers in one call (partial-success).',
+  description:
+    'Bulk-create endpoint mirroring /invoices/bulk-create. Each customer is validated and inserted independently — per-item failures do not roll back items that succeeded. Returns a results array plus a summary. Idempotent over the whole batch. Dry-runnable.',
+  useWhen:
+    'You\'re importing a roster of customers from another CRM, or seeding a fresh company with its existing client list. Use dry-run first to validate the batch.',
+  doNotUseFor:
+    'Updating existing customers — PATCH /customers/{id} once per customer. Bulk uploads of > 50 customers — split into pages of 50. Transactional all-or-nothing imports — passing all_or_nothing: true returns 501 NOT_IMPLEMENTED.',
+  pitfalls: [
+    'Idempotency-Key is mandatory and covers the WHOLE batch. A retried bulk-create returns the cached full response — it does not retry only the failed items.',
+    'Passing all_or_nothing: true returns 501 NOT_IMPLEMENTED. Today only partial-success batches exist; omit the flag or pass false.',
+    'org_number uniqueness is enforced at the DB level — items with duplicates fail individually with CUSTOMER_DUPLICATE_ORG_NUMBER.',
+    'VIES validation for eu_business customers is best-effort per item; a VIES timeout leaves vat_number_validated=false but does NOT fail the item.',
+  ],
+  example: {
+    request: {
+      customers: [
+        { name: 'Acme AB', customer_type: 'swedish_business', org_number: '556677-8899' },
+        { name: 'Foo OY', customer_type: 'eu_business', vat_number: 'FI12345678' },
+      ],
+    },
+    response: {
+      data: {
+        results: [
+          { ok: true, request_index: 0, data: { id: '0e9c…', name: 'Acme AB' } },
+          { ok: true, request_index: 1, data: { id: '4d2a…', name: 'Foo OY' } },
+        ],
+        summary: { total: 2, succeeded: 2, failed: 0 },
+      },
+      meta: { request_id: 'req_…', api_version: '2026-05-12' },
+    },
+  },
+  scope: 'customers:write',
+  risk: 'low',
+  idempotent: true,
+  reversible: true,
+  dryRunSupported: true,
+  request: { body: BulkCreateRequest },
+  response: { success: BulkCreateResponse },
+})
+
+interface ResultItem {
+  ok: boolean
+  request_index: number
+  data?: unknown
+  error?: { code: string; message: string; details?: unknown }
+}
+
+async function createOneCustomer(
+  supabase: SupabaseClient,
+  companyId: string,
+  userId: string,
+  index: number,
+  input: z.infer<typeof CreateCustomerSchema>,
+  dryRun: boolean,
+  log: Logger,
+): Promise<ResultItem> {
+  if (dryRun) {
+    return {
+      ok: true,
+      request_index: index,
+      data: {
+        preview: {
+          id: null,
+          name: input.name,
+          customer_type: input.customer_type,
+          email: input.email ?? null,
+          phone: input.phone ?? null,
+          address_line1: input.address_line1 ?? null,
+          address_line2: input.address_line2 ?? null,
+          postal_code: input.postal_code ?? null,
+          city: input.city ?? null,
+          country: input.country ?? 'Sweden',
+          org_number: input.org_number ?? null,
+          vat_number: input.vat_number ?? null,
+          vat_number_validated: false,
+          default_payment_terms: input.default_payment_terms ?? 30,
+          notes: input.notes ?? null,
+          archived_at: null,
+          created_at: null,
+          updated_at: null,
+        },
+      },
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Best-effort VIES validation. Resolve BEFORE the insert so the row
+  // reflects validation state atomically.
+  let vatValidated = false
+  let vatValidatedAt: string | null = null
+  if (input.customer_type === 'eu_business' && input.vat_number) {
+    try {
+      const vatResult = await validateVatNumber(input.vat_number)
+      if (vatResult.valid) {
+        vatValidated = true
+        vatValidatedAt = new Date().toISOString()
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      log.warn('bulk-create: VIES validation failed for item', err as Error, {
+        request_index: index,
+      })
+    }
+  }
+
+  const { data, error } = await supabase
+    .from('customers')
+    .insert({
+      user_id: userId,
+      company_id: companyId,
+      name: input.name,
+      customer_type: input.customer_type,
+      email: input.email ?? null,
+      phone: input.phone ?? null,
+      address_line1: input.address_line1 ?? null,
+      address_line2: input.address_line2 ?? null,
+      postal_code: input.postal_code ?? null,
+      city: input.city ?? null,
+      country: input.country ?? 'Sweden',
+      org_number: input.org_number ?? null,
+      vat_number: input.vat_number ?? null,
+      vat_number_validated: vatValidated,
+      vat_number_validated_at: vatValidatedAt,
+      default_payment_terms: input.default_payment_terms ?? 30,
+      notes: input.notes ?? null,
+    })
+    .select(CUSTOMER_RESPONSE_COLUMNS)
+    .single()
+
+  if (error) {
+    if (error.code === '23505') {
+      // GDPR Art.5(1)(c): do NOT echo input.org_number; for sole traders
+      // it IS the personnummer. The error code + field is enough — the
+      // caller knows the value they submitted.
+      return {
+        ok: false,
+        request_index: index,
+        error: {
+          code: 'CUSTOMER_DUPLICATE_ORG_NUMBER',
+          message: 'A customer with this org_number already exists in this company.',
+          details: { field: 'org_number' },
+        },
+      }
+    }
+    log.error('bulk-create: customer insert failed', error, {
+      request_index: index,
+      companyId,
+      pgCode: error.code,
+    })
+    return {
+      ok: false,
+      request_index: index,
+      error: {
+        code: 'CUSTOMER_CREATE_FAILED',
+        message: 'Customer insert failed.',
+        details: { pg_code: error.code },
+      },
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Emit customer.created per success. Same cast pattern as the single
+  // POST — projection omits internal scoping fields we re-inject here.
+  try {
+    await eventBus.emit({
+      type: 'customer.created',
+      payload: {
+        customer: {
+          ...(data as Record<string, unknown>),
+          user_id: userId,
+          company_id: companyId,
+        } as unknown as Customer,
+        companyId,
+        userId,
+      },
+    })
+  } catch (err) {
+    log.warn('bulk-create: customer.created emit failed', err as Error, {
+      request_index: index,
+    })
+  }
+
+  return { ok: true, request_index: index, data }
+}
+
+export const POST = withApiV1<{ params: Promise<{ companyId: string }> }>(
+  'customers.bulk-create',
+  async (request, ctx) => {
+    if (!z.string().uuid().safeParse(ctx.companyId).success) {
+      return v1ErrorResponseFromCode('VALIDATION_ERROR', ctx.log, {
+        requestId: ctx.requestId,
+        details: { field: 'companyId', message: 'companyId must be a UUID.' },
+      })
+    }
+
+    let rawBody: unknown
+    try {
+      rawBody = await request.json()
+    } catch {
+      return v1ErrorResponseFromCode('VALIDATION_ERROR', ctx.log, {
+        requestId: ctx.requestId,
+        details: { field: 'body', message: 'Body is not valid JSON.' },
+      })
+    }
+
+    const parsed = BulkCreateRequest.safeParse(rawBody)
+    if (!parsed.success) {
+      return v1ErrorResponseFromCode('VALIDATION_ERROR', ctx.log, {
+        requestId: ctx.requestId,
+        details: {
+          issues: parsed.error.issues.map((i) => ({
+            field: i.path.join('.'),
+            message: i.message,
+          })),
+        },
+      })
+    }
+    const body = parsed.data
+
+    // Reject all_or_nothing: true loudly. Same contract as invoices/bulk-create.
+    if (body.all_or_nothing) {
+      return v1ErrorResponseFromCode('NOT_IMPLEMENTED', ctx.log, {
+        requestId: ctx.requestId,
+        details: {
+          field: 'all_or_nothing',
+          message:
+            'all_or_nothing: true is not yet implemented. Omit the flag (or pass false) to use partial-success semantics.',
+        },
+      })
+    }
+
+    // Sequential processing — matches /invoices/bulk-create. VIES has its own
+    // upstream throughput limits; running a batch of 50 in parallel can trip
+    // them. The 50-item cap keeps the worst-case latency bounded.
+    const results: ResultItem[] = []
+    for (let i = 0; i < body.customers.length; i++) {
+      const item = await createOneCustomer(
+        ctx.supabase,
+        ctx.companyId!,
+        ctx.userId,
+        i,
+        body.customers[i],
+        ctx.dryRun,
+        ctx.log,
+      )
+      results.push(item)
+    }
+
+    const summary = {
+      total: results.length,
+      succeeded: results.filter((r) => r.ok).length,
+      failed: results.filter((r) => !r.ok).length,
+    }
+
+    ctx.log.info('customers.bulk-create completed', {
+      companyId: ctx.companyId,
+      userId: ctx.userId,
+      ...summary,
+      dryRun: ctx.dryRun,
+    })
+
+    if (ctx.dryRun) {
+      return dryRunPreview({ results, summary }, { requestId: ctx.requestId, log: ctx.log })
+    }
+    return ok({ results, summary }, { requestId: ctx.requestId })
+  },
+  { requireIdempotencyKey: true },
+)
diff --git a/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/pdf/__tests__/route.test.ts b/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/pdf/__tests__/route.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6a85e9f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/pdf/__tests__/route.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+/**
+ * Integration tests for GET /api/v1/companies/:companyId/invoices/:id/pdf.
+ *
+ * The PDF renderer is mocked so the test is about routing, auth, error
+ * mapping and filename composition — not about actual PDF bytes.
+ */
+import { beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+
+beforeAll(() => {
+  if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'test') {
+    throw new Error(
+      `pdf route tests require NODE_ENV=test (got ${process.env.NODE_ENV ?? 'undefined'})`,
+    )
+  }
+  process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SUPABASE_URL ||= 'http://localhost:54321'
+  process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SUPABASE_ANON_KEY ||= 'test-anon-key'
+})
+
+vi.mock('@/lib/auth/api-keys', async () => {
+  const actual = await vi.importActual<typeof import('@/lib/auth/api-keys')>('@/lib/auth/api-keys')
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    validateApiKey: vi.fn(),
+    createServiceClientNoCookies: vi.fn(),
+  }
+})
+vi.mock('@supabase/supabase-js', async () => {
+  const actual = await vi.importActual<typeof import('@supabase/supabase-js')>('@supabase/supabase-js')
+  return { ...actual, createClient: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({}) }
+})
+
+// vi.mock is hoisted above top-level consts, so the mock fn must be created
+// inside vi.hoisted() to be available when the factory runs.
+const { mockRender } = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  mockRender: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(Buffer.from('pdf-bytes')),
+}))
+vi.mock('@react-pdf/renderer', () => ({
+  renderToBuffer: mockRender,
+}))
+vi.mock('@/lib/invoices/pdf-template', () => ({
+  InvoicePDF: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({}),
+}))
+
+import { validateApiKey, createServiceClientNoCookies } from '@/lib/auth/api-keys'
+import { GET as pdf } from '../route'
+
+const mockValidate = validateApiKey as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>
+const mockServiceClient = createServiceClientNoCookies as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>
+
+type MockResult = { data?: unknown; error?: unknown }
+function makeFlexibleSupabase(byTable: Record<string, MockResult | MockResult[]>) {
+  const queues = new Map<string, MockResult[]>()
+  for (const [t, val] of Object.entries(byTable)) {
+    queues.set(t, Array.isArray(val) ? [...val] : [val])
+  }
+  const buildChain = (table: string): unknown => {
+    const handler: ProxyHandler<object> = {
+      get(_target, prop) {
+        if (prop === 'then') {
+          return (resolve: (v: unknown) => void) => {
+            const q = queues.get(table)
+            const next = q && q.length > 1 ? q.shift()! : (q?.[0] ?? { data: null, error: null })
+            resolve(next)
+          }
+        }
+        return (..._args: unknown[]) => buildChain(table)
+      },
+    }
+    return new Proxy({}, handler)
+  }
+  return { from: vi.fn((table: string) => buildChain(table)) }
+}
+
+const COMPANY_ID = 'aaaaaaaa-aaaa-4aaa-8aaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa'
+const INVOICE_ID = 'bbbbbbbb-bbbb-4bbb-8bbb-bbbbbbbbbbbb'
+const USER_ID = 'user-1'
+
+function makeRequest(url: string): Request {
+  return new Request(url, {
+    method: 'GET',
+    headers: { Authorization: 'Bearer test-fixture-not-a-real-key' },
+  })
+}
+function detailParams(companyId: string, id: string) {
+  return { params: Promise.resolve({ companyId, id }) }
+}
+
+const SENT_INVOICE = {
+  id: INVOICE_ID,
+  invoice_number: '2026-0042',
+  customer_id: 'cccccccc-cccc-4ccc-8ccc-cccccccccccc',
+  invoice_date: '2026-05-12',
+  due_date: '2026-06-11',
+  status: 'sent',
+  document_type: 'invoice',
+  currency: 'SEK',
+  subtotal: 10000,
+  vat_amount: 2500,
+  total: 12500,
+  credited_invoice_id: null,
+  customer: { id: 'cccccccc-cccc-4ccc-8ccc-cccccccccccc', name: 'Acme AB', email: 'acc@acme.test' },
+  items: [{ id: 'i1', sort_order: 0, description: 'x', quantity: 1, unit: 'st', unit_price: 10000, line_total: 10000, vat_rate: 25 }],
+}
+
+const COMPANY_SETTINGS = {
+  company_id: COMPANY_ID,
+  company_name: 'Test AB',
+  entity_type: 'enskild_firma',
+  accounting_method: 'accrual',
+}
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.clearAllMocks()
+  mockRender.mockResolvedValue(Buffer.from('pdf-bytes'))
+  mockValidate.mockResolvedValue({
+    userId: USER_ID,
+    companyId: COMPANY_ID,
+    apiKeyId: 'ak_1',
+    apiKeyName: 'CI key',
+    scopes: ['invoices:read'],
+    mode: 'live',
+  })
+})
+
+describe('GET /api/v1/companies/:companyId/invoices/:id/pdf', () => {
+  it('returns a PDF for a sent invoice with the faktura-<number> filename', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+        invoices: { data: SENT_INVOICE, error: null },
+        company_settings: { data: COMPANY_SETTINGS, error: null },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await pdf(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/invoices/${INVOICE_ID}/pdf`),
+      detailParams(COMPANY_ID, INVOICE_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200)
+    expect(res.headers.get('Content-Type')).toBe('application/pdf')
+    expect(res.headers.get('Content-Disposition')).toBe('attachment; filename="faktura-2026-0042.pdf"')
+    expect(res.headers.get('X-Request-Id')).toMatch(/^req_/)
+  })
+
+  it('uses utkast-<id-slice>.pdf filename for drafts', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+        invoices: {
+          data: { ...SENT_INVOICE, status: 'draft', invoice_number: null },
+          error: null,
+        },
+        company_settings: { data: COMPANY_SETTINGS, error: null },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await pdf(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/invoices/${INVOICE_ID}/pdf`),
+      detailParams(COMPANY_ID, INVOICE_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200)
+    // Same composition as the dashboard's internal pdf route: the
+    // "faktura-" prefix is preserved, the number slot is the "utkast-<slice>"
+    // placeholder.
+    expect(res.headers.get('Content-Disposition')).toBe(
+      'attachment; filename="faktura-utkast-bbbbbbbb.pdf"',
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('uses kreditfaktura-<number>.pdf for credit notes and embeds original number', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+        invoices: [
+          {
+            data: {
+              ...SENT_INVOICE,
+              invoice_number: '2026-0099',
+              credited_invoice_id: 'dddddddd-dddd-4ddd-8ddd-dddddddddddd',
+            },
+            error: null,
+          },
+          { data: { invoice_number: '2026-0042' }, error: null }, // original lookup
+        ],
+        company_settings: { data: COMPANY_SETTINGS, error: null },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await pdf(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/invoices/${INVOICE_ID}/pdf`),
+      detailParams(COMPANY_ID, INVOICE_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(200)
+    expect(res.headers.get('Content-Disposition')).toBe(
+      'attachment; filename="kreditfaktura-2026-0099.pdf"',
+    )
+    // The template received the original number — verify via the InvoicePDF mock call.
+    const call = (mockRender.mock.calls[0]?.[0] as unknown) as { props?: unknown } | undefined
+    expect(call).toBeDefined()
+  })
+
+  it('returns 404 NOT_FOUND for unknown invoice id', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+        invoices: { data: null, error: null },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await pdf(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/invoices/${INVOICE_ID}/pdf`),
+      detailParams(COMPANY_ID, INVOICE_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(404)
+    const body = await res.json()
+    expect(body.error.code).toBe('NOT_FOUND')
+  })
+
+  it('returns 500 INVOICE_PDF_RENDER_FAILED when the renderer throws', async () => {
+    mockRender.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('font load failed'))
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+        invoices: { data: SENT_INVOICE, error: null },
+        company_settings: { data: COMPANY_SETTINGS, error: null },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await pdf(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/invoices/${INVOICE_ID}/pdf`),
+      detailParams(COMPANY_ID, INVOICE_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(500)
+    const body = await res.json()
+    expect(body.error.code).toBe('INVOICE_PDF_RENDER_FAILED')
+  })
+
+  it('returns 400 VALIDATION_ERROR for non-UUID id', async () => {
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(
+      makeFlexibleSupabase({
+        company_members: { data: { company_id: COMPANY_ID, role: 'owner' }, error: null },
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const res = await pdf(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/invoices/not-a-uuid/pdf`),
+      detailParams(COMPANY_ID, 'not-a-uuid'),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(400)
+    const body = await res.json()
+    expect(body.error.code).toBe('VALIDATION_ERROR')
+  })
+
+  it('rejects keys without invoices:read scope', async () => {
+    mockValidate.mockResolvedValue({
+      userId: USER_ID,
+      companyId: COMPANY_ID,
+      scopes: ['transactions:read'],
+      mode: 'live',
+    })
+    mockServiceClient.mockReturnValue(makeFlexibleSupabase({}))
+
+    const res = await pdf(
+      makeRequest(`https://x.test/api/v1/companies/${COMPANY_ID}/invoices/${INVOICE_ID}/pdf`),
+      detailParams(COMPANY_ID, INVOICE_ID),
+    )
+
+    expect(res.status).toBe(403)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/pdf/route.ts b/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/pdf/route.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b24cca8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/pdf/route.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+/**
+ * GET /api/v1/companies/{companyId}/invoices/{id}/pdf
+ *
+ * Render the invoice as a PDF and return it as `application/pdf`. Mirrors
+ * the dashboard's internal `/api/invoices/[id]/pdf` so a downloaded PDF is
+ * byte-equivalent across surfaces.
+ *
+ * Behavior:
+ *   - Drafts (no invoice_number): the filename uses `utkast-<id-slice>`. The
+ *     PDF is still rendered — useful for "preview before send" workflows.
+ *   - Sent / paid / overdue / cancelled / credit notes: full PDF with the
+ *     persisted invoice number.
+ *   - Credit notes: filename uses `kreditfaktura-` prefix and the original
+ *     invoice's löpnummer is embedded (ML 17 kap 22–23§ back-reference).
+ *   - Delivery notes: PDF is permitted (read-only, no compliance side effect).
+ *
+ * Read-only — no Idempotency-Key, no dry-run, scope `invoices:read`.
+ */
+
+import { z } from 'zod'
+import { renderToBuffer } from '@react-pdf/renderer'
+import { InvoicePDF } from '@/lib/invoices/pdf-template'
+import { registerEndpoint } from '@/lib/api/v1/registry'
+import { withApiV1 } from '@/lib/api/v1/with-api-v1'
+import { v1ErrorResponse, v1ErrorResponseFromCode } from '@/lib/api/v1/errors'
+import type { CompanySettings, Customer, Invoice, InvoiceItem } from '@/types'
+
+const INVOICE_PDF_COLUMNS =
+  'id, invoice_number, customer_id, invoice_date, due_date, status, document_type, ' +
+  'currency, subtotal, vat_amount, total, vat_treatment, vat_rate, moms_ruta, ' +
+  'reverse_charge_text, your_reference, our_reference, notes, credited_invoice_id, ' +
+  'paid_amount, remaining_amount'
+
+const PDF_FETCH_SELECT = `
+  ${INVOICE_PDF_COLUMNS},
+  customer:customers(*),
+  items:invoice_items(*)
+`
+
+registerEndpoint({
+  operation: 'invoices.pdf',
+  method: 'GET',
+  path: '/api/v1/companies/:companyId/invoices/:id/pdf',
+  summary: 'Download the rendered invoice PDF.',
+  description:
+    'Returns the invoice as application/pdf. The filename in Content-Disposition reflects the document type: faktura-<number>.pdf for sent invoices, kreditfaktura-<number>.pdf for credit notes, utkast-<id-slice>.pdf for drafts. This endpoint is byte-equivalent to the dashboard download.',
+  useWhen:
+    'You need to fetch an invoice PDF for archival, forwarding to a customer outside the gnubok send flow, or attaching to an external workflow.',
+  doNotUseFor:
+    'Sending the invoice to the customer — use POST /invoices/{id}/send, which renders the PDF, emails it, and archives it as a verifikationsunderlag in one atomic step.',
+  pitfalls: [
+    'Drafts (no invoice_number yet) render with an "utkast" filename. The PDF carries no F-series number — do not treat it as a finalized invoice.',
+    'PDF rendering can take several hundred milliseconds for invoices with many line items. Cache on the client if requesting repeatedly.',
+    'Credit notes embed the original invoice\'s löpnummer per ML 17 kap 22–23§ — if the original was hard-deleted (not possible via gnubok but theoretically via a manual DB edit), the reference is omitted.',
+  ],
+  example: {
+    response: {
+      // Binary response — OpenAPI declares format: binary via response.contentType.
+      // Documented here for human readers.
+      _note: 'Returns application/pdf binary stream.',
+    },
+  },
+  scope: 'invoices:read',
+  risk: 'low',
+  idempotent: true,
+  reversible: false,
+  dryRunSupported: false,
+  response: {
+    success: z.unknown(), // Marker — binary response, see contentType.
+    contentType: 'application/pdf',
+  },
+})
+
+export const GET = withApiV1<{ params: Promise<{ companyId: string; id: string }> }>(
+  'invoices.pdf',
+  async (_request, ctx, params) => {
+    const { id } = await params.params
+
+    const idParse = z.string().uuid().safeParse(id)
+    if (!idParse.success) {
+      return v1ErrorResponseFromCode('VALIDATION_ERROR', ctx.log, {
+        requestId: ctx.requestId,
+        details: { field: 'id', message: 'Invoice id must be a UUID.' },
+      })
+    }
+    const invoiceId = idParse.data
+
+    const { data: invoice, error: fetchErr } = await ctx.supabase
+      .from('invoices')
+      .select(PDF_FETCH_SELECT)
+      .eq('id', invoiceId)
+      .eq('company_id', ctx.companyId!)
+      .maybeSingle()
+
+    if (fetchErr) {
+      return v1ErrorResponse(fetchErr, ctx.log, { requestId: ctx.requestId })
+    }
+    if (!invoice) {
+      ctx.log.warn('invoices.pdf: not found', { invoiceId, companyId: ctx.companyId })
+      return v1ErrorResponseFromCode('NOT_FOUND', ctx.log, {
+        requestId: ctx.requestId,
+        details: { resource: 'invoice' },
+      })
+    }
+
+    const typed = invoice as unknown as Invoice & {
+      customer?: Customer
+      items?: InvoiceItem[]
+    }
+
+    // company_settings is required by the PDF template (header, bank info,
+    // entity-type-driven layout). Select * is intentional — see the rationale
+    // in the :send route. Same flat owner-facing config object, no sensitive
+    // columns.
+    const { data: company, error: companyErr } = await ctx.supabase
+      .from('company_settings')
+      .select('*')
+      .eq('company_id', ctx.companyId!)
+      .maybeSingle()
+
+    if (companyErr || !company) {
+      ctx.log.warn('invoices.pdf: company settings missing', {
+        invoiceId,
+        companyId: ctx.companyId,
+      })
+      return v1ErrorResponseFromCode('INVOICE_SEND_COMPANY_SETTINGS_MISSING', ctx.log, {
+        requestId: ctx.requestId,
+      })
+    }
+
+    const items = (typed.items ?? []).slice().sort((a, b) => a.sort_order - b.sort_order)
+
+    // Credit-note back-reference per ML 17 kap 22–23§. Best-effort — if the
+    // original invoice was somehow deleted, the PDF template tolerates an
+    // undefined value (the back-reference field is omitted from the layout).
+    let originalInvoiceNumber: string | undefined
+    if (typed.credited_invoice_id) {
+      const { data: orig } = await ctx.supabase
+        .from('invoices')
+        .select('invoice_number')
+        .eq('id', typed.credited_invoice_id)
+        .eq('company_id', ctx.companyId!)
+        .maybeSingle()
+      if (orig) {
+        originalInvoiceNumber = (orig as { invoice_number?: string }).invoice_number ?? undefined
+      }
+    }
+
+    let pdfBuffer: Buffer
+    try {
+      pdfBuffer = await renderToBuffer(
+        InvoicePDF({
+          invoice: typed as Invoice,
+          customer: typed.customer as Customer,
+          items,
+          company: company as CompanySettings,
+          originalInvoiceNumber,
+        }),
+      )
+    } catch (err) {
+      ctx.log.error('invoices.pdf: render failed', err as Error, {
+        invoiceId,
+        companyId: ctx.companyId,
+      })
+      return v1ErrorResponseFromCode('INVOICE_PDF_RENDER_FAILED', ctx.log, {
+        requestId: ctx.requestId,
+      })
+    }
+
+    const isCreditNote = !!typed.credited_invoice_id
+    const filenameNumber = typed.invoice_number ?? `utkast-${invoiceId.slice(0, 8)}`
+    const filename = isCreditNote
+      ? `kreditfaktura-${filenameNumber}.pdf`
+      : typed.document_type === 'proforma'
+        ? `proformafaktura-${filenameNumber}.pdf`
+        : typed.document_type === 'delivery_note'
+          ? `följesedel-${filenameNumber}.pdf`
+          : `faktura-${filenameNumber}.pdf`
+
+    const uint8Array = new Uint8Array(pdfBuffer)
+    return new Response(uint8Array, {
+      status: 200,
+      headers: {
+        'Content-Type': 'application/pdf',
+        'Content-Disposition': `attachment; filename="${filename}"`,
+        'Content-Length': String(pdfBuffer.length),
+        'X-Request-Id': ctx.requestId,
+      },
+    })
+  },
+)
diff --git a/lib/api/v1/load-routes.ts b/lib/api/v1/load-routes.ts
index 5a478222..f8da4672 100644
--- a/lib/api/v1/load-routes.ts
+++ b/lib/api/v1/load-routes.ts
@@ -26,5 +26,8 @@ import '@/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/mark-paid/route'
 import '@/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/credit/route'
 import '@/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/send/route'
 import '@/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/bulk-create/route'
+// Phase 2 PR-B-3 — invoice PDF + customer bulk-create.
+import '@/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/invoices/[id]/pdf/route'
+import '@/app/api/v1/companies/[companyId]/customers/bulk-create/route'
 
 export {}
diff --git a/lib/api/v1/registry.ts b/lib/api/v1/registry.ts
index 121bf6bf..03cacf42 100644
--- a/lib/api/v1/registry.ts
+++ b/lib/api/v1/registry.ts
@@ -80,6 +80,15 @@ export interface EndpointDefinition {
     success: ZodTypeAny
     /** Stable error codes this endpoint can emit (cross-referenced with the docs). */
     errorCodes?: string[]
+    /**
+     * Override the default 'application/json' content type for non-JSON
+     * responses (e.g. binary downloads). When set to 'application/pdf', the
+     * OpenAPI generator emits a `{ type: 'string', format: 'binary' }` schema
+     * instead of deriving from `success`. The `success` schema is still
+     * required (use `z.unknown()` as a marker) so existing registry consumers
+     * don't need to handle a missing field.
+     */
+    contentType?: string
   }
 }
 
@@ -238,7 +247,12 @@ export function generateOpenApiSpec(serverUrl: string): OpenApiSpec {
     // OpenAPI path syntax: {param} instead of :param.
     const openApiPath = def.path.replace(/:([^/]+)/g, '{$1}')
 
-    const responseSchema = zodToJsonSchema(def.response.success)
+    // Binary responses (e.g. application/pdf) declare a `format: binary`
+    // schema rather than deriving from the Zod success type.
+    const successContent = def.response.contentType && def.response.contentType !== 'application/json'
+      ? { [def.response.contentType]: { schema: { type: 'string', format: 'binary' } } }
+      : { 'application/json': { schema: zodToJsonSchema(def.response.success) } }
+
     const operationDef: Record<string, unknown> = {
       operationId: def.operation,
       summary: def.summary,
@@ -257,7 +271,7 @@ export function generateOpenApiSpec(serverUrl: string): OpenApiSpec {
       responses: {
         '200': {
           description: 'Success',
-          content: { 'application/json': { schema: responseSchema } },
+          content: successContent,
         },
         '400': { description: 'Validation error', $ref: '#/components/responses/Error' },
         '401': { description: 'Unauthorized', $ref: '#/components/responses/Error' },
diff --git a/lib/auth/scopes.ts b/lib/auth/scopes.ts
index 8391d744..1ab094ca 100644
--- a/lib/auth/scopes.ts
+++ b/lib/auth/scopes.ts
@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@ export const V1_ENDPOINT_SCOPES: Record<string, ApiKeyScope> = {
   'POST /api/v1/companies/:companyId/invoices/:id/credit': 'invoices:write',
   'POST /api/v1/companies/:companyId/invoices/:id/send': 'invoices:write',
   'POST /api/v1/companies/:companyId/invoices/bulk-create': 'invoices:write',
+  // Phase 2 PR-B-3 — invoice PDF + customer bulk-create.
+  'GET /api/v1/companies/:companyId/invoices/:id/pdf': 'invoices:read',
+  'POST /api/v1/companies/:companyId/customers/bulk-create': 'customers:write',
 
   // Webhooks (Phase 6 — placeholder so the catalogue is complete)
   'GET /api/v1/companies/:companyId/webhooks': 'webhooks:manage',
diff --git a/lib/errors/structured-errors.ts b/lib/errors/structured-errors.ts
index 6d06b487..956192b8 100644
--- a/lib/errors/structured-errors.ts
+++ b/lib/errors/structured-errors.ts
@@ -461,6 +461,11 @@ const INVOICE: Record<string, StructuredErrorEntry> = {
       'Fakturans PDF kunde inte skapas. Kontrollera fakturarader och kunduppgifter och försök igen.',
     message_en: 'Failed to render invoice PDF before send; no invoice number was consumed.',
   },
+  INVOICE_PDF_RENDER_FAILED: {
+    httpStatus: 500,
+    message_sv: 'Fakturans PDF kunde inte skapas.',
+    message_en: 'Invoice PDF rendering failed.',
+  },
   INVOICE_SEND_PARTIAL: {
     httpStatus: 200,
     message_sv: