fix(invoices): record manual and Stripe settlements in invoice_payments (#2236)

* fix(invoices): record manual and Stripe settlements in invoice_payments (#2019)

settleInvoicePayment created the payment voucher and flipped the invoice to
paid but never wrote the AR sub-ledger row. The kontantmetod bokslut cut-off
reads invoice_payments only (payment DATE, not remaining_amount), so a
manually settled invoice was booked again as a fordran with vilande moms at
year end, double-counting revenue and VAT. The same gap hid the payment from
the Betalningar view and from the voucher -> invoice reference map.

- Insert the row between voucher creation and the CAS status update, same
  shape as the bank-match path (amount in invoice currency, transaction_id
  null). An insert failure cancels the voucher and fails closed; both CAS
  failure branches remove the row together with the voucher.
- Backfill: scripts/backfill-invoice-payment-rows.ts (dry-run default) with
  a pure planner in lib/invoices/backfill-invoice-payment-rows.ts. Writes
  only where exactly one posted payment voucher exists; zero or several are
  reported, never guessed. Rows carry notes 'backfill:#2019' so one DELETE
  reverts a run. Executed on staging (10 rows); prod awaits explicit go.
- pg-real: transaction-less rows coexist under the tx/invoice unique index,
  the je/invoice index still refuses a double link, and the authenticated
  writer can delete its own row (the CAS-failure path depends on it).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018pMEgrnPsxDMiYfnXcD2Zo

* fix(invoices): write the payment row from every mark-paid path and harden the backfill

Skeptic and review round on #2236 (issue #2019):

- One helper (lib/invoices/invoice-payment-row.ts) now writes the
  invoice_payments row for all four transaction-less settlement paths:
  dashboard mark-paid and Stripe via settleInvoicePayment, plus the MCP
  mark_invoice_paid commit and the v1 mark-paid route, which booked their
  own voucher and never wrote the row. Amount = applied amount (new
  paid_amount minus prior), not cash received, so a 3740 öre absorption
  never yields a negative fordran in the cut-off or a wrong storno restore.
- The two duplicate detectors no longer treat a payment row with
  transaction_id NULL as "reconciled to a bank line": the bank line for a
  manual settlement arrives later and the voucher must stay a twin.
- Backfill: payment_date from the voucher entry_date (paid_at was
  wall-clock before #1332); refuse rows that disagree with the voucher's
  1510 credit / settlement debit; report partially covered invoices
  (rows_short) instead of patching; record each executed run in
  behandlingshistorik (InvoicePaymentRowBackfilled, migration
  20260903180000). Re-run end to end on staging: 10 rows, 10 events.
- Typecheck ratchet: cast in the cut-off test.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018pMEgrnPsxDMiYfnXcD2Zo

* fix(invoices): use roundOre in the #2019 backfill (guard ratchet)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018pMEgrnPsxDMiYfnXcD2Zo

* fix(invoices): log a failed payment-row rollback and keep backfill rows with their audit event

Swedish review round 2 on #2236:

- removeInvoicePaymentRow no longer swallows a failed compensating DELETE:
  it logs at error level with company and row id (a stranded row would
  read as a settlement in the kontantmetod cut-off) and returns whether
  the row is gone. Unit tests for the helper.
- The backfill deletes a company's rows from the run again when its
  behandlingshistorik event cannot be written, so rows and change log
  (BFNAR 2013:2 p. 9.16) never diverge; the company is listed for a re-run.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018pMEgrnPsxDMiYfnXcD2Zo

* fix(invoices): keep raw insert errors out of the v1 and MCP mark-paid responses

Compliance swarm on #2236 (ISO 27001 A.8.28): the payment-row insert
failure returned the driver's error text to API callers and MCP users.
The text now stays in the server log; callers get the reason code and a
generic Swedish outcome.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018pMEgrnPsxDMiYfnXcD2Zo

* fix(invoices): never backfill a payment row into a closed or locked period

Swedish review round 3 on #2236: a row dated into a closed or locked
fiscal period changes facts a filed bokslut or deklaration relied on. The
planner now reports such invoices (period_closed) instead of writing them,
and the script header states that the tagged DELETE is an emergency revert
for the window before any cut-off relies on the rows; afterwards the
correction path is a storno of the cut-off verifikat.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018pMEgrnPsxDMiYfnXcD2Zo

* test(fiscal-periods): pass route params in the two mid-month tests (typecheck ratchet)

cc18e9d53 (#2242) added two POST(req) calls without the params argument,
raising the file's TypeScript error count above the ratchet baseline
(25 vs 23). main is red on "Checks" for every PR since; this unblocks the
gate for #2236 and the rest without touching the baseline.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>

lib/core/bookkeeping/__tests__/kontantmetod-cutoff.test.ts

@@ -575,6 +575,26 @@ describe('collectKontantmetodCutoff', () => {
     expect(result.payables[0]).toMatchObject({ outstanding: 9200, vat: 1840 })
   })
 
+  // Issue #2019: a manual "Markera som betald" payment carries no bank
+  // transaction. The cut-off keys on payment DATE alone, so such a row must
+  // retire the fordran exactly like a bank-matched one.
+  it('treats a transaction-less manual payment as settling the fordran', async () => {
+    const result = await collectKontantmetodCutoff(makePagedSupabase({
+      invoices: [{
+        id: 'inv-manual', invoice_number: '001', invoice_date: '2026-08-01', status: 'paid',
+        total: 12500, vat_amount: 2500, vat_treatment: 'standard_25', document_type: 'invoice',
+        currency: 'SEK',
+      }],
+      invoice_payments: [{
+        id: 'ip-manual', invoice_id: 'inv-manual', amount: 12500, payment_date: '2026-08-28',
+        transaction_id: null, journal_entry_id: 'je-cash',
+      }],
+      supplier_invoices: [],
+      supplier_invoice_payments: [],
+    }) as never, 'co-1', '2026-01-01', '2026-12-31')
+    expect(result.receivables).toEqual([])
+  })
+
   it('collects reverse-charge rate, supplier type, and scaled declaration basis', async () => {
     const result = await collectKontantmetodCutoff(makePagedSupabase({
       supplier_invoices: [{